Shin Splints

Shin splints, or medial tibial stress syndrome, is pain along the inside of the shin bone that affects the muscles and its attachment along the tibia. It is common in running and jumping athletes. The clinician should rule out stress fractures, chronic exertional compartment syndrome and nerve entrapment injuries when considering the diagnosis.

Immediate steps are the basics of rest, ice, massage and gentle stretching. Arch taping and the use of orthotics or more supportive shoewear will play a role in reducing the strain as well as considering the training environment such as surfaces that the athlete runs and jumps on. Strength training is typically needed for more proximal musculature to improve stability of the lower extremity as well as decrease demand on the lower legs for propulsion.

This may require neuromuscular control and movement retraining to utilize more efficient strategies. Foot intrinsic and ankle/calf strengthening is crucial. Many of these cases come up due to overload from a demanding training schedule or training errors so the most important component in improving this condition is implementing an appropriate training schedule and load management strategies. This should be done in consultation with the athlete and other team members such as parents, coaches, and personal and athletic trainers.